In-vitro antibacterial potential, Phytochemical characterization of Cyperus rotundus flower extract

Fresh aerial part of the Cyperus rotundus L., was extracted with methanol followed by concentrated. The concentrated residue was fractionated by column chromatography method using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Each fraction has analyzed the preliminary phytochemical screening test to steroids, terpenpoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, etc., present in the fractioned mixture. Phytochemically confirmed the compounds were used in ethno-pharmacological investigation of In-vitro antibacterial activity made to gram positive and negative bacteria. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to a marvelous antibacterial activity when compared to control and standard commercial antibiotic tetracycline. © 2013 Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved Key wordsCyperus rotundus, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, antibacterial, tetracycline. Introduction Cyperus rotundus L., (Cyperaceae family) is a traditional medicinal plant, which is widespread in many tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world 1 . The medicinal plant was mainly cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Southern Asia, Africa, Australia, South & Central America and Southern United States. Cyperus rotundus is one of the oldest known medicinal plants used in folk medicine as sedative, carminative, stimulant, tonic, aphrodisiac, diuretic, stomachic, anthelmintic, colic remedy and to remove renal calculi 1 . Additionally, they are used as hypertensive, estrogenic, antiemetic, remedy for dysentery and women’s diseases. Infusion of this herb has been used in pain, fever, diarrhoea, dysentery, vomiting and other intestinal problems. It was found to have a number of pharmacological and biological activities such as antiinflammatory, antidiabetic 2 , antidiarrhoeal 3 , antiradical, antimutagenic, anti-malarial, antibacterial, antioxidant, free radical scavenging, cytotoxic and apoptotic 4 , anti-pyretic and analgesic activities and wound healing property were reported from this plant extracted and characterized compounds. Previously the chemical constituents of the Cyperus rotundus plant revealed the presence of major and minor chemical compounds of herbs such as essential oils 5 , alkaloids 6 , flavonoids 7 , steroids, tannins, starch, glycosides, furochromones etc are reported in this plant part. Also many novel monoand sesquiterpenoids 8,9 derivative compounds has isolated from this plant. Other chemical compounds like phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, saponin 10 and nitrogenous substances were also been isolated in the plant. We have identified too many more number of compounds are may be present in this plant. But, in the past years few numbers of phytochemical compounds were isolated and structurally identified. In the present study, we extract and preliminary phytochemical analyses from the aerial part of Cyperus rotundus flower extract and investigated into in-vitro antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria done by agar well diffusion method. Experimental methods Plant materials Fresh aerial part of flowers Cyperus rotundus L., was collected from Padmanabhapuram, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India in December 2010. The species of this plant was authenticated by taxonomist, and the voucher specimen was deposited to our department. Extraction/Isolation method Freshly collected and air-dried aerial parts of the flowers Cyperus rotundus (650gm) were powdered in a high speed mixi. The powdered flowers were soaked/extracted in methanol at room temperature for two days. After the methanol extracts was filtered through Available online at http://www.urpjournals.com International Journal of Natural Products Research Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved